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September 15, 2018 by Shubhankar Dubey

MongoDB : Data Types

It stores documents on disk in the BSON serialization format. BSON is a binary representation of the JSON documents. Data format of BSON provides more data types than JSON. The mongo JavaScript shell and the MongoDB language drivers translate between the BSON format doucments and the language specificed document representation.

BSON supports the following data types as values in the documents. Each data type has a corresponding number (an integer ID number from 1 to 255) which can be used with the $type operator to query documents by the BSON type.


MongoDB Data Types and Corresponding ID Number

Type Type Number
Double Represents a float value 1
String BSON strings are UTF-8. In general drivers for each programming language convert from the language’s string format to UTF-8 when serializing and deserializing BSON as this makes it possible to store most international characters in BSON strings with ease in addition MongoDB $regex queries support UTF-8 in the regex string 2
Object Represents an embedded documents 3
Array Sets or lists of values can be represented as arrays 4
Binary data Binary data is a string of arbitrary bytes it cannot be manipulated from the shell 5
Object id ObjectIds (MongoDB document identifier equivalent to a Primary key) are small likely unique fast to generate and ordered as these values consists of 12-bytes where the first four bytes are a timestamp that reflect the ObjectId’s creation 7
Boolean A logical true or false use to evaluate whether a condition is true or false 8
Date BSON Date is a 64-bit integer that represents the number of milliseconds since the Unix epoch (Jan 1 1970) as this results in a representable date range of about 290 million years into the past and future 9
Null It represents both a null value and a nonexistent field 10
Regular Expression RegExp maps directly to a Javascript RegExp 11
JavaScript  13
Symbol Not supported by the shell as if the shell gets a symbol from the database it will convert it into a string 14
JavaScript (with scope)  15
32-bit integer Numbers without decimal points will be saved as 32-bit integers. 16
Timestamp BSON has a special timestamp type for internal MongoDB use and is not associated with the regular Date type 17
64-bit integer Numbers without a decimal point will be saved and returned as 64-bit integers. 18
Max key  MaxKey compare greater than all other possible BSON element values respectively and exist primarily for internal use 127
Min key  MinKey compare lower than all other possible BSON element values respectively and exist primarily for internal use 255

Different BSON types and their compairing values

When comparing the values of different BSON types, MongoDB uses the following comparison order, from lowest to highest:

Order Data Types
1 MinKey(internal type)
2 Null
3 Numbers(ints logs doubles)
4 Symbol and String
5 Object
6 Array
7 BinData
8 ObjectId
9 Boolean
10 Date and Timestamp
11 Regular Expressions
12 MaxKey(internal type)
Shubhankar Dubey

I am a learner and used to learn new things day by day. I have knowledge of various things. I have a great knowledgs of node.js. I have also learn php & their MVC frameworks. I also have the knowledge about wordpress.

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Article by Shubhankar Dubey / Mongo Db Tutorials / data types in mongodb

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