This Article consist of most important questions of ” Logical Deduction ” topic that are mostly asked in all competitive exams. We collected these questions from the students who appeared in exams. Now try to solve these questions.
Logical Deduction Questions and Answers
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer:
- (A) If only conclusion I follows
- (B) If only conclusion II follows
- (C) If either I or II follows
- (D) If neither I nor II follows and
- (E) If both I and II follow.
Question : 1
Statements: Some doctors are fools. Some fools are rich.
Conclusions:
Some doctors are rich
Some rich are doctors.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
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Correct Answer : D
Explanation :
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.
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Question : 2 Statements: Some kings are queens. All queens are beautiful.
Conclusions:
All kings are beautiful.
All queens are kings.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
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Correct Answer : D
Explanation :
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.
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Question : 3 Statements: All mangoes are golden in colour. No golden-coloured things are cheap.
Conclusions:
All mangoes are cheap.
Golden-colored mangoes are not cheap.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
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Correct Answer : B
Explanation :
Clearly, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that ‘No mango is cheap’. Since all mangoes are golden in color, we may substitute ‘mangoes’ with ‘golden-coloured mangoes’. Thus, II follows.
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Question : 4 Statements: All bags are cakes. All lamps are cakes.
Conclusions:
Some lamps are bags.
No lamp is bag.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
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Correct Answer : C
Explanation :
Since the middle term ‘cakes’ is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows
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Question : 5 Statements: No women teacher can play. Some women teachers are athletes.
Conclusions:
Male athletes can play.
Some athletes can play.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
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Correct Answer : D
Explanation :
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.
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